Structural and functional analysis of bacterial flavin-containing monooxygenase reveals its ping-pong-type reaction mechanism

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Title
Structural and functional analysis of bacterial flavin-containing monooxygenase reveals its ping-pong-type reaction mechanism
Author(s)
H J Cho; H Y Cho; K J Kim; Myung Hee Kim; S W Kim; B S Kang
Bibliographic Citation
Journal of Structural Biology, vol. 175, no. 1, pp. 39-48
Publication Year
2011
Abstract
A bacterial flavin-containing monooxygenase (bFMO) catalyses the oxygenation of indole to produce indigoid compounds. In the reductive half of the indole oxygenation reaction, NADPH acts as a reducing agent, and NADP+ remains at the active site, protecting bFMO from reoxidation. Here, the crystal structures of bFMO and bFMO in complex with NADP+, and a mutant bFMOY207S, which lacks indole oxygenation activity, with and without indole are reported. The crystal structures revealed overlapping binding sites for NADP+ and indole, suggestive of a double-displacement reaction mechanism for bFMO. In biochemical assays, indole inhibited NADPH oxidase activity, and NADPH in turn inhibited the binding of indole and decreased indoxyl production. Comparison of the structures of bFMO with and without bound NADP+ revealed that NADPH induces conformational changes in two active site motifs. One of the motifs contained Arg-229, which participates in interactions with the phosphate group of NADPH and appears be a determinant of the preferential binding of bFMO to NADPH rather than NADH. The second motif contained Tyr-207. The mutant bFMOY207S exhibited very little indoxyl producing activity; however, the NADPH oxidase activity of the mutant was higher than the wild-type enzyme. It suggests a role for Y207, in the protection of hydroperoxyFAD. We describe an indole oxygenation reaction mechanism for bFMO that involves a ping-pong-like interaction of NADPH and indole.
Keyword
Flavin-containing monooxygenaseIndole oxygenationPing-pong reactionProtein structure
ISSN
1047-8477
Publisher
Elsevier
DOI
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsb.2011.04.007
Type
Article
Appears in Collections:
Division of Biomedical Research > Microbiome Convergence Research Center > 1. Journal Articles
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