Utilization of the acid hydrolysate of defatted Chlorella biomass as a sole fermentation substrate for the production of biosurfactant from Bacillus subtilis C9

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Title
Utilization of the acid hydrolysate of defatted Chlorella biomass as a sole fermentation substrate for the production of biosurfactant from Bacillus subtilis C9
Author(s)
Jin-Ho YunDae Hyun Cho; B Lee; Yong Jae LeeDong Yun ChoiHee-Sik Kim; Y K Chang
Bibliographic Citation
Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts, vol. 47, pp. 101868-101868
Publication Year
2020
Abstract
Although algal biofuels have been promoted as a carbon-neutral alternative to fossil fuels, several economic and technological barriers challenge the much-anticipated success of algae as a commercial bio-feedstock. In particular, utilizing only a lipid portion of harvested algal biomass limits possible monetary returns from algal biomass within which non-lipid compounds generally comprise a major proportion. Previous studies thus demonstrated the production of ethanol from defatted algal biomass to improve overall economic outlook of the nascent algae industry; however, it is also possible to utilize residual algal biomass as a fermentation substrate for bacterial strains producing high value alternative products. Therefore, the goal of this study was to compare the yield of biosurfactant from B. subtilis C9 in conventional culture medium and the acid hydrolysate of defatted Chlorella biomass (DCB). Although increasing the concentration of acid catalyst from 0 N to 1.0 N was expected to proportionally enhance the effectiveness of dilute acid hydrolysis, the results indicated that DCB hydrolysates treated under different acid conditions at 121 °C for 15 min exhibited the highest yield of fermentable monosaccharides when treated with 0.25 N HCl. Subsequently, the fermentation of B. subtilis C9 was performed in both Luria-Bertani (LB) and DCB hydrolysate medium after adjusting salinity and monosaccharide concentration to identical levels; a significantly greater yield of biosurfactant was observed in the culture grown with DCB hydrolysate medium, while the presence of magnesium and manganese co-factors in DCB hydrolysate contributed to a greater biosurfactant yield. Collectively, these results suggest that the valorization of defatted algal biomass could be also accomplished by incorporating biosurfactant fermentation into algal biorefinery processes and call for further process optimization efforts that consider factors associated with the operation of industrial algal biorefineries.
Keyword
Acid hydrolysisBacillus subtilisBiosurfactantChlorellaDefatted algal biomassFermentation
ISSN
2211-9264
Publisher
Elsevier
DOI
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.algal.2020.101868
Type
Article
Appears in Collections:
Synthetic Biology and Bioengineering Research Institute > Cell Factory Research Center > 1. Journal Articles
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