Metformin regulates astrocyte reactivity in Parkinson's disease and normal aging

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Title
Metformin regulates astrocyte reactivity in Parkinson's disease and normal aging
Author(s)
Young-Kyoung Ryu; Jun Go; Hey-Yeon Park; Young Keun ChoiYun-Jeong SeoJung-Hyeon Choi; M Rhee; T G Lee; Chul Ho LeeKyoung Shim Kim
Bibliographic Citation
Neuropharmacology, vol. 175, pp. 108173-108173
Publication Year
2020
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, leading to motor symptoms. Despite the remarkable improvements in the management of PD in recent decades, many patients remain significantly disabled. Metformin is a primary medication for the management of type 2 diabetes. We previously showed that co-treatment with metformin and 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl-l-alanine (l-DOPA) prevented the development of l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia in a 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-lesioned animal model of PD. However, effects of metformin on PD- and aging-induced genes in reactive astrocytes remain unknown. In this study, we assessed the effect of metformin on motor function, neuroprotection, and reactive astrocytes in the 6-OHDA-induced PD animal model. In addition, the effects of metformin on the genes expressed by specific types of astrocytes were analyzed in PD model and aged mice. Here, we showed that metformin treatment effectively improves the motor symptoms in the 6-OHDA-induced PD mouse model, whereas metformin had no effect on tyrosine hydroxylase-positive neurons. The activation of AMPK and BDNF signaling pathways was induced by metformin treatment on the 6-OHDA-lesioned side of the striatum. Metformin treatment caused astrocytes to alter reactive genes in a PD animal model. Moreover, aging-induced genes in reactive astrocytes were effectively regulated or suppressed by metformin treatment. Taken together, these results suggest that metformin should be evaluated for the treatment of Parkinson's disease and related neurologic disorders characterized by astrocyte activation.
Keyword
MetforminReactive astrocyteAgingParkinson's diseaseDorsal striatum
ISSN
0028-3908
Publisher
Elsevier
DOI
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108173
Type
Article
Appears in Collections:
Ochang Branch Institute > Division of National Bio-Infrastructure > Laboratory Animal Resource & Research Center > 1. Journal Articles
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