Induced extracellular production of stilbenes in grapevine cell culture medium by elicitation with methyl jasmonate and stevioside

Abstract

We report the high production of stilbenes, including resveratrol and viniferin, in grapevine (Vitis labruscana L.) cell cultures through elicitation with methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and stevioside (STE). Methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MeβCD) is widely used as a solubilizer for resveratrol production. For the first time, we used STE as a solubilizer for stilbene production in plant cell cultures. MeJA was most effective elicitor in activating VvSTS expression and stimulating stilbene biosynthesis in grapevine cell cultures. The maximum concentration of δ-viniferin (892.2 mg/L) production with a small amount of trans-resveratrol (12.2 mg/L) was observed in the culture medium by co-treatment of cells with MeJA and STE, whereas the highest level of trans-resveratrol (371.9 mg/L) with a slight amount of δ-viniferin (11.5 mg/L) was accumulated in the culture medium of cells treated with MeJA and MeβCD. However, neither trans-resveratrol nor δ-viniferin were significantly elevated within the cells by the applications. Notably, predominant production of δ-viniferin and trans-resveratrol was observed in shake and static flask culture medium, respectively, by co-treatment of MeJA and STE. Furthermore, stilbene compounds of resveratrol, ε-viniferin, and δ-viniferin were mainly produced in a 3-L bioreactor culture following elicitation of cells with MeJA and STE. These results provide new strategies for conditional, high-level production of resveratrol and viniferin in cell cultures by utilizing the solubilizing properties of STE or MeβCD.