Characteristics of the gut microbiome of healthy young male soldiers in South Korea: the effects of smoking

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Title
Characteristics of the gut microbiome of healthy young male soldiers in South Korea: the effects of smoking
Author(s)
H Yoon; D H Lee; J H Lee; J E Kwon; C M Shin; S J Yang; Seung Hwan ParkJu Huck LeeSe Won KangJung-Sook Lee; B Y Kim
Bibliographic Citation
Gut and Liver, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 243-252
Publication Year
2021
Abstract
Background/Aims: South Korean soldiers are exposed to similar environmental factors. In this study, we sought to evaluate the gut microbiome of healthy young male soldiers (HYMS) and to identify the primary factors influencing the microbiome composition. Methods: We prospectively collected stool from 100 HYMS and performed next-generation sequencing of the 16S rRNA genes of fecal bacteria. Clinical data, including data relating to the diet, smoking, drinking, and exercise, were collected. Results: The relative abundances of the bacterial phyla Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria were 72.3%, 14.5%, 8.9%, and 4.0%, respectively. Fifteen species, most of which belonged to Firmicutes (87%), were detected in all examined subjects. Using cluster analysis, we found that the subjects could be divided into the two enterotypes based on the gut microbiome bacterial composition. Compared with enterotype 2 subjects, subjects classified as enterotype 1 tended to be characterized by higher frequencies of potentially harmful lifestyle habits (current smoker: 55.6% vs 36.6%, p=0.222; heavy drinker: 16.7% vs 3.7%, p=0.120; insufficient physical activity: 27.8% vs 14.6%, p=0.318). We identified a significant difference in the microbiome compositions of current and noncurrent smokers (p=0.008); the former differed from the latter mainly in a relatively lower abundance of Bifidobacterium species and a higher abundance of Negativicutes. Conclusions: A high abundance of Actinobacteria and low abundance of Bacteroidetes were the main features distinguishing the gut microbiomes of HYMS, and current smokers could be differentiated from noncurrent smokers by their lower abundance of Bifidobacterium and higher abundance of Negativicutes.
Keyword
MicrobiotaHealthSmokersMilitary personnel
ISSN
1976-2283
Publisher
Editorial Office Gut & Liver
DOI
http://dx.doi.org/10.5009/gnl19354
Type
Article
Appears in Collections:
Jeonbuk Branch Institute > Biological Resource Center > 1. Journal Articles
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