Demyristoylation of the cytoplasmic redox protein Trx-h2 is critical for inducing a rapid cold stress response in plants

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Title
Demyristoylation of the cytoplasmic redox protein Trx-h2 is critical for inducing a rapid cold stress response in plants
Author(s)
E S Lee; J H Park; S D Wi; H B Chae; S K Paeng; S B Bae; K A T Phan; M G Kim; Sang Soo Kwak; W Y Kim; D J Yun; S Y Lee
Bibliographic Citation
Antioxidants, vol. 10, no. 8, pp. 1287-1287
Publication Year
2021
Abstract
In Arabidopsis, the cytosolic redox protein thioredoxin h2 (Trx-h2) is anchored to the cytoplasmic endomembrane through the myristoylated second glycine residue (Gly2). However, under cold stress, the cytosolic Trx-h2 is rapidly translocated to the nucleus, where it interacts with and reduces the cold-responsive C-repeat-binding factors (CBFs), thus activating cold-responsive (COR) genes. In this study, we investigated the significance of fatty acid modification of Trx-h2 under cold conditions by generating transgenic Arabidopsis lines in the trx-h2 mutant background, overexpressing Trx-h2 (Trx-h2OE/trx-h2) and its point mutation variant Trx-h2(G/A) [Trx-h2(G/A)OE/trx-h2], in which the Gly2 was replaced by alanine (Ala). Due to the lack of Gly2, Trx-h2(G/A) was incapable of myristoylation, and a part of Trx-h2(G/A) localized to the nucleus even under warm temperature. As no time is spent on the demyristoylation and subsequent nuclear translocation of Trx-h2(G/A) under a cold snap, the ability of Trx-h2(G/A) to protect plants from cold stress was greater than that of Trx-h2. Additionally, COR genes were up-regulated earlier in Trx-h2(G/A)2OE/trx-h2 plants than in Trx-h2OE/trx-h2 plants under cold stress. Consequently, Trx-h2(G/A)2OE/trx-h2 plants showed greater cold tolerance than Col-0 (wild type) and Trx-h2OE/trx-h2 plants. Overall, our results clearly demonstrate the significance of the demyristoylation of Trx-h2 in enhancing plant cold/freezing tolerance.
Keyword
Transgenic ArabidopsisThioredoxin h2Myristoylation/demyristoylationNuclear translocationC-repeat binding factors (CBFs)Cold/freezing stressTrx-h2(G/A) point mutation variant
ISSN
2076-3921
Publisher
MDPI
DOI
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox10081287
Type
Article
Appears in Collections:
Division of Research on National Challenges > Plant Systems Engineering Research > 1. Journal Articles
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