Nanodisc-mediated conversion of virustatic antiviral antibody to disrupt virus envelope in infected cells

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Title
Nanodisc-mediated conversion of virustatic antiviral antibody to disrupt virus envelope in infected cells
Author(s)
J Hwang; Y Jung; S Moon; S Yu; H Oh; S Kim; K W Kim; J H Yoon; J Chun; Sang Jick Kim; W J Chung; D H Kweon
Bibliographic Citation
Small Methods, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 2101516-2101516
Publication Year
2022
Abstract
Many antibody-based antivirals, including broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) against various influenza virus strains, suffer from limited potency. A booster of the antiviral activity of an antibody is expected to facilitate development of antiviral therapeutics. In this study, a nanodisc (ND), a discoidal lipid bilayer encircled by membrane scaffold proteins, is engineered to provide virucidal properties to antibodies, thereby augmenting their antiviral activity. NDs carrying the Fc-binding peptide sequence form an antibody-ND complex (ANC), which can co-endocytose into cells infected with influenza virus. ANC efficiently inhibits endosome escape of viral RNA by dual complimentary mode of action. While the antibody moiety in an ANC inhibits hemagglutinin-mediated membrane fusion, its ND moiety destroys the viral envelope using free hemagglutinins that are not captured by antibodies. Providing virus-infected host cells with the ability to self-eliminate by the synergistic effect of ANC components dramatically amplifies the antiviral efficacy of a bnAb against influenza virus. When the efficacy of ANC is assessed in mouse models, administration of ANCs dramatically reduces morbidity and mortality compared to bnAb alone. This study is the first to demonstrate the novel nanoparticle ANC and its role in combating viral infections, suggesting that ANC is a versatile platform applicable to various viruses.
ISSN
2366-9608
Publisher
Wiley
DOI
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202101516
Type
Article
Appears in Collections:
1. Journal Articles > Journal Articles
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