Ishige okamurae extract: Diphlorethohydroxycarmalol with？efect of？atopic dermatitis？like skin infammation

Abstract

Ishige okamurae Yendo 1907, Fucaceae, a brown alga, has garnered attention for its antipyretic, anti-infammatory, and anti- edema properties. While numerous studies have explored the efects of a 95% ethanol extract of I. okamurae, limited research has been conducted on its 70% ethanol extract. This study focuses on diphlorethohydroxycarmalol, a bioactive compound identifed in the 70% ethanol extract of I. okamurae. Diphlorethohydroxycarmalol has garnered signifcant interest due to its potential health benefts, including antioxidant, anti-infammatory, antiviral, and anticancer properties. We investigate the impact of the 70% ethanol extract of I. okamurae and diphlorethohydroxycarmalol on atopic dermatitis using human keratinocyte cell lines (HaCaT) and atopic dermatitis mouse models induced by dinitrochlorobenzene and house dust mite. Treatment with extract of I. okamurae efectively reduced dinitrochlorobenzene/house dust mite -induced ear edema, ear thickness, mast cell infltration, as well as levels of immunoglobulin (Ig) E, IgG1, IgG2a, cytokines, and chemokines in atopic dermatitis mice. In HaCaT cells, extract of I. okamurae also suppressed TNF-α/IFN-γ-induced cytokine and chemokine production. To further understand the anti-atopic and anti-infammatory properties of extract of I. okamurae, we evaluated the efects of diphlorethohydroxycarmalol on atopic dermatitis mice and HaCaT cells. In atopic dermatitis mice, diphlore- thohydroxycarmalol demonstrated the ability to reduce the infammatory response induced by TNF-α/IFN-γ. These fndings highlight the potential of extract of I. okamurae as an anti-infammatory agent for infammatory skin disorders and suggest that diphlorethohydroxycarmalol may represent a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of infammatory skin diseases.