Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of Kadsura verrucosa (Gagnep.) A.C.Sm. extract through the regulation of the NF-κB signaling pathway = Kadsura verrucosa (Gagnep.) A.C.Sm. 추출물의 NF-κB 신호전달 경로 조절을 통한 항염증 및 항산화능 평가

Abstract

The genus Kadsura is traditionally used in Chinese folk medicine for its beneficial effects including antiinflammatory properties. However, the anti-inflammatory effects of Kadsura verrucosa have not yet been demonstrated. In this study, we aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory potential of Kadsura verrucosa (Gagnep.) A.C.Sm. extract (KVE) by pre-treating RAW 264.7 macrophage cells with KVE before stimulating them with 1 μg/mL Escherichia coli (O111:B4)- derived LPS. In Raw 264.7 cells, KVE significantly inhibited LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) production without cytotoxicity. KVE also significantly suppressed the expression of LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in RAW 264.7 cells. Furthermore, KVE downregulated the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) by inhibiting the phosphorylation of I kappa B kinase (IKK), I kappa B alpha (IκBα), and p65. Additionally, KVE reduced LPS-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) in a dosedependent manner. These findings suggest that KVE is a promising candidate for health functional food materials with anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects.