Lowering blood glucose activity of the combined Mulberry (Morus alba L.) and Cinnamon (Cinnamomun burmannii Nees and T.Nees) extracts in diabetic rats

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disturbance disease indicated, by high glucose levels, with its prevalence increasing every year. This study aimed to evaluate the lowering blood glucose efficacy of the proportionate combination of mulberry and cinnamon extracts (formula extract). A total of 24 male Sprague-Dawley rats with hyperglycemia induced using a combination of high-fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ) were divided into 5 groups of 4 rats each, namely, Dose 1 group (125mg/kg bw), Dose 2 group (250mg/kg bw), Dose 3 group (500 mg/kg bw), Control group (metformin 45mg/kg bw), and Model group (carrier). The Normal group was given a carrier. The formula extract was orally administered for 21 days, and fasting blood glucose levels were evaluated before the sample administration, on the 4th, 7th, and 21st days after sample administration. This study demonstrated that the administration of formula extract, especially at doses 1 and dose 3, significantly reduced fasting glucose levels (p<0.05) compared to the DM model animals. Formula extract standardization demonstrated that it contained alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, tannin, coumarin, and steroid compound groups, and the total phenolic level was 1.39±0.07% and fulfilled the specific characterization of the extract requirement as well. In conclusion, the formula extract had the potential to be developed as a blood glucose-lowering agent.