Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of Urceola polymorpha (Pierre ex Spire) D.J.Middleton & Livsh. extract via regulation of the NF-κB pathway = Urceola polymorpha (Pierre ex Spire) D.J.Middleton & Livsh. 추출물의 NF-κB 경로 조절을 통한 항염증 및 항산화 효과

Abstract

Plants of the Urceola genus have been used as traditional medicinal foods in Asia. The antimicrobial effects of the leaves of Urceola rosea (Hook. & Arn.) D.J.Middleton, a species within the genus, has been reported. However, the anti-inflammatory effects of Urceola polymorpha (Pierre ex Spire) D.J.Middleton & Livsh. remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate U. polymorpha (Pierre ex Spire) D.J.Middleton & Livsh. extracts (UPE) with respect to inflammation and oxidative stress in murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. UPE significantly inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and the production of nitric oxide (NO) in a dose-dependent manner in the RAW 264.7 cells. In addition, UPE significantly suppressed LPS-induced phosphorylation of p65, I kappa B, and I kappa B kinase in the RAW 264.7 cells. Using the 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate probe, we showed that UPE significantly inhibited LPS-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in RAW 264.7 cells. Moreover, 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assays confirmed that UPE has antioxidant activity equivalent to 62.70±0.01 mg and 10.49 mg of ascorbic acid, respectively. In conclusion, UPE could have the potential to prevent inflammation by inhibiting the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway-mediated NO and ROS production.